If you’re dealing with recurring painful bumps in areas like your underarms, groin, or buttocks, you may be experiencing a chronic skin condition called hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). This inflammatory disease can be both physically and emotionally distressing, particularly when flare-ups interfere with daily life.
What Is Hidradenitis Suppurativa?
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that causes painful nodules, abscesses, and tunnels (called sinus tracts) under the skin. These lesions usually occur in areas with sweat glands and friction, such as the underarms, groin, thighs, and under the breasts.
The condition often begins after puberty and can worsen over time if not managed properly. HS is not caused by poor hygiene, but rather by inflammation of hair follicles and surrounding tissue. It’s a progressive condition that can range from mild to severe, sometimes leading to scarring and restricted movement.
What Causes Hidradenitis Suppurativa?
The exact cause of HS isn’t fully understood, but several factors are known to contribute:
- Inflammation of hair follicles and surrounding skin
- Hormonal changes, especially around puberty
- Family history of HS or similar skin disorders
- Lifestyle factors, such as smoking and obesity
- Immune system dysfunction or genetic predisposition
HS is not contagious, and it is not the result of an infection. However, the lesions can become secondarily infected and may drain fluid or pus.
Symptoms of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
HS symptoms can vary widely but typically include:
- Painful, deep-seated lumps under the skin
- Recurrent abscesses in the same locations
- Tunnels or sinus tracts connecting lesions
- Foul-smelling drainage or pus from lesions
- Thickened skin or scarring in affected areas
Flare-ups may last for weeks or months and often recur in the same areas.
How Is It Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based primarily on a physical examination and patient history. Dermatologists will consider:
- The location and pattern of the lesions
- Frequency and duration of flare-ups
- Any scarring or sinus tract formation
There are no specific lab tests for HS, but blood work or bacterial cultures may be ordered if secondary infection is suspected. In some cases, imaging studies help assess deeper sinus tracts.
Treatment Options for Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Treatment of HS depends on the severity and stage of the disease. Early diagnosis and consistent management can significantly reduce symptoms and prevent progression. Options include:
- Topical and oral antibiotics: To reduce inflammation and control infection.
- Steroid injections: For inflamed nodules.
- Hormonal therapy: For patients whose HS may be linked to hormonal imbalance.
- Biologic medications: Targeted therapies that address immune system dysfunction.
- Surgical treatment: Excision of affected skin or sinus tracts in severe cases.
- Laser therapy: Used to destroy hair follicles and reduce lesion formation.
- Lifestyle changes: Weight management, smoking cessation, and gentle skin care routines.
At Brilliance Dermatology, we offer a comprehensive and compassionate approach to managing hidradenitis suppurativa. Each treatment plan is tailored to your unique needs and designed to improve your quality of life while reducing the frequency and severity of flare-ups.
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1000 Newbury Rd. #180,Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
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